The only "know how" guide for professionals who want to reduce their tax burden.
If you're ready to hold on to more of your hard-earned money, turn to Tax Deductions for Professionals. Comprehensive, easy to read and filled with interesting examples, the book is organized into practical categories featuring common deductions, including:
start-up and operating expenses
health deductions
vehicles and travel
entertainment and meals
home office
and many more
Plus -- unlike any other book on the market ---Tax Deductions for Professionals can help you choose the best legal structure for your practice, the most important business (and tax) decision you'll make.
The book also covers putting money into retirement accounts, the tax implications of owning the building you work in, and deducting the cost of continuing education, professional fees and other expenses.
The 2nd edition is completely updated with the latest tax numbers and laws for 2007.
The tax code is full of deductions for professionals -- from automobile expenses to wages for employees. Before you can start taking advantage of these deductions, however, you need a basic understanding of how businesses pay taxes and how tax deductions work. This chapter gives you all the information you need to get started. It covers:
-how tax deductions work
-how to calculate the value of a tax deduction, and
-what professionals can deduct.
A. How Tax Deductions Work
A tax deduction (also called a tax write-off) is an amount of money you are entitled to subtract from your gross income (all the money you make) to determine your taxable income (the amount on which you must pay tax). The more deductions you have, the lower your taxable income will be and the less tax you will have to pay.
Types of Tax Deductions
There are three basic types of tax deductions: personal deductions, investment deductions, and business deductions. This book covers only business deductions -- the large array of write-offs available to business owners, including professionals.
Personal Deductions
For the most part, your personal, living, and family expenses are not tax deductible. For example, you can't deduct the food that you buy for yourself and your family. There are, however, special categories of personal expenses that may be deducted, subject to strict limitations. These include items such as home mortgage interest, state and local taxes, charitable contributions, medical expenses above a threshold amount, interest on education loans, and alimony. This book does not cover these personal deductions.
Investment Deductions
Many professionals try to make money by investing money. For example, they might invest in real estate or play the stock market. They incur all kinds of expenses, such as fees paid to money managers or financial planners, legal and accounting fees, and interest on money borrowed to buy investment property. these and other investment expenses (also called expenses for the production of income) are tax deductible, subject to strict limitations. Investment deductions are not covered in this book.
Business Deductions
Because a professional practice is a profit-making enterprise, it is a business for tax purposes. People in business usually must spend money on their business -- for example, for office space, supplies, and equipment. Most business expenses are deductible, sooner or later, one way or another. And that's what this book is about: How professionals may deduct their business expenses.
Synopsis
The only "know how" guide for professionals who want to reduce their tax burden.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Why You Need This Book
Icons Used in This Book
1. Tax Deduction Basics
How Tax Deductions Work
The Value of a Tax Deduction
What Professionals Can Deduct
2. Choice of Business Entity
Types of Business Entities
Limiting Your Liability
The Four Ways Business Entities Are Taxed
Comparing Tax Treatments
Should You Change Your Business Entity or Tax Treatment?
3. Operating Expenses
Requirements for Deducting Operating Expenses
Operating Expenses That Are Not Deductible
Tax Reporting
4. Meal and Entertainment Expenses
What Is Business Entertainment?
Who You Can Entertain
Deducting Entertainment Expenses
Calculating Your Deduction
Expenses Reimbursed by Clients
5. Car and Local Travel Expenses
Deductible Local Transportation Expenses
The Standard Mileage Rate
The Actual Expense Method
Other Local Transportation Expenses
Reporting Transportation Expenses on Schedule C
When Clients Reimburse You
Professionals With Business Entities
6. Long Distance Travel Expenses
What Is Business Travel?
What Travel Expenses Are Deductible
How Much You Can Deduct
Maximizing Your Business Travel Deductions
Travel Expenses Reimbursed by Clients
7. The Home Office Deduction
Qualifying for the Home Office Deduction
Calculating the Home Office Deduction
How to Deduct Home Office Expenses
Audit-Proofing Your Home Office Deduction
8. Deductions for Outside Offices
If You Rent Your Office
If You Own Your Office
If You Lease a Building to Your Practice
9. Deducting Long-Term Assets
Long-Term Assets
Section 179 Deductions
Depreciation
Tax Reporting and Record Keeping for Section 179 and Depreciation
Leasing Long-Term Assets
10. Start-Up Expenses
What Are Start-Up Expenses?
Starting a New Practice
Buying an Existing Practice
Expanding an Existing Practice
When Does a Professional Practice Begin?
How to Deduct Start-Up Expenses
Organizational Expenses
11. Medical Expenses
The Personal Deduction for Medical Expenses
Self-Employed Health Insurance Deduction
Deducting Health Insurance as an Employee Fringe Benefit
Adopting a Medical Reimbursement Plan
Health Savings Accounts
12. Retirement Deductions
Why You Need a Retirement Plan (or Plans)
Types of Retirement Plans
Individual Retirement Accounts -- IRAs
IRAs for Businesses
Qualified Retirement Plans
Keogh Plans
Solo 401(k) Plans
Roth 401(k) Plans
13. Inventory
What Is Inventory?
Do You Have to Carry an Inventory?
Deducting Inventory Costs
IRS Reporting
14. More Deductions
Advertising
Business Bad Debts
Casualty Losses
Charitable Contributions
Clothing
Disabled Access Tax Credit
License Fees, Dues, and Subscriptions
Education Expenses
Gifts
Insurance for Your Practice
Interest on Business Loans
Legal and Professional Services
Taxes
Domestic Production Activities
15. Hiring Employees and Independent Contractors
Employees Versus Independent Contractors
Tax Deductions for Employee Pay and Benefits
Reimbursing Employees
Employing Your Family
Tax Deductions When You Hire Independent Contractors
16. Professionals Who Incorporate
Automatic Employee Status
Paying Yourself
Employee Fringe Benefits
Shareholder Loans
17. How You Pay Business Expenses
Your Practice Pays
Using Personal Funds to Pay for Business Expenses
Your Client Reimburses You
Accountable Plans
18. Amending Tax Returns
Reasons for Amending Your Tax Return
Time Limits for Filing Amended Returns
How to Amend Your Return
How the IRS Processes Refund Claims
19. Staying Out of Trouble With the IRS
20. Record Keeping and Accounting
21. Help Beyond This Book
Se
Index
Reviews
Accounting Today ...
"Aimed at anyone who runs a professional practice, including doctors, dentists, lawyers, engineers, architects and even chiropractors -- to say nothing of accountants. "
Architectural West ...
"Thorough, straightforward and specific, Tax Deductions for Professionals contains all the information you need to take advantage of every money-saving opportunity."
About the Author
Stephen Fishman is the author of many Nolo books, most recently Tax Deductions for Professionals. Other titles include Deduct It! Lower Your Small Business Taxes, Every Landlord's Tax Deduction Guide and Home Business Tax Deductions: Keep What You Earn—plus many other legal and business books. He received his law degree from the University of Southern California in 1979. After time in government and private practice, he became a full-time legal writer in 1983.